CLAT GurukulSamudraManthan
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Topic 045 · Law, Judiciary & Landmark Judgments

Reproductive autonomy under Article 21

10 MCQs · tap an option to check it · All answers

Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA
  1. Core Trigger: On 24 April 2026 the Supreme Court allowed a 15-year-old, over seven months pregnant, to terminate her pregnancy.
  2. Holding: Justices B.V. Nagarathna and Ujjal Bhuyan held no court may compel a minor to carry a pregnancy to term.
  3. Current Head: On 30 April 2026 CJI Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi declined AIIMS's curative petition.
  4. Gestational Limits: The MTP Act allows 20 weeks on one doctor's opinion; 20-24 weeks needs two, for minors and rape survivors.
  5. Court's Reasoning: Statutory limits bind doctors, not constitutional courts under Article 142; adoption cannot justify compelling childbirth.
  6. Stakeholders: ASG Aishwarya Bhati argued for AIIMS the foetus might be born alive; the Court said institutions cannot override the minor.
  7. India Link: CJI Surya Kant urged the government to remove time limits where a minor's pregnancy results from rape.
  8. Venue: Both hearings were before the Supreme Court of India, New Delhi.
  9. Founded: The MTP (Amendment) Act, 2021 received assent on 25 March 2021 and took effect on 24 September 2021.
  10. Landmark: Suchita Srivastava (2009) and Puttaswamy (2017) place reproductive choice and privacy within Article 21's personal liberty.
  11. Statute: MTP Act section 3(2B) removes the limit for substantial foetal abnormalities; section 5A protects the woman's identity.
  12. Doctrine: Article 142 empowers the Supreme Court to do 'complete justice', used to allow terminations beyond statutory limits.
Question 1 of 10

On 24 April 2026 the Supreme Court allowed a girl of what age, over seven months pregnant, to terminate her pregnancy?

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Answer: (A) 15 years

Core Trigger: On 24 April 2026 the Supreme Court allowed a 15-year-old, over seven months pregnant, to terminate her pregnancy.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 1

Question 2 of 10

Which Bench held that no court may compel a minor to carry a pregnancy to term?

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Answer: (D) B.V. Nagarathna and Ujjal Bhuyan

Holding: Justices B.V. Nagarathna and Ujjal Bhuyan held no court may compel a minor to carry a pregnancy to term.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Which Chief Justice of India declined AIIMS's curative petition on 30 April 2026?

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Answer: (B) Surya Kant

Current Head: On 30 April 2026 CJI Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi declined AIIMS's curative petition.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 3

Question 4 of 10

Consider: 1. The MTP Act allows 20 weeks on one doctor's opinion. 2. Minors and rape survivors need two doctors for 20-24 weeks. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Gestational Limits: The MTP Act allows 20 weeks on one doctor's opinion; 20-24 weeks needs two, for minors and rape survivors.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 4

Question 5 of 10

Statutory limits bind doctors, not constitutional courts exercising power under which Article?

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Answer: (C) Article 142

Court's Reasoning: Statutory limits bind doctors, not constitutional courts under Article 142; adoption cannot justify compelling childbirth.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 5

Question 6 of 10

CJI Surya Kant urged the government to remove time limits where a minor's pregnancy:

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Answer: (B) Results from rape

India Link: CJI Surya Kant urged the government to remove time limits where a minor's pregnancy results from rape.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 7

Question 7 of 10

In which city did the Supreme Court hear both the termination plea and the curative petition?

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Answer: (C) New Delhi

Venue: Both hearings were before the Supreme Court of India, New Delhi.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 8

Question 8 of 10

The MTP (Amendment) Act, 2021 took effect on:

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Answer: (C) 24 September 2021

Founded: The MTP (Amendment) Act, 2021 received assent on 25 March 2021 and took effect on 24 September 2021.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 9

Question 9 of 10

Suchita Srivastava (2009) and Puttaswamy (2017) place reproductive choice within the personal liberty of which Article?

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Answer: (A) Article 21

Landmark: Suchita Srivastava (2009) and Puttaswamy (2017) place reproductive choice and privacy within Article 21's personal liberty.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Consider: 1. MTP Act section 3(2B) removes the limit for substantial foetal abnormalities. 2. Section 5A removes the limit for all rape survivors. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (A) Only 1

Statute: MTP Act section 3(2B) removes the limit for substantial foetal abnormalities; section 5A protects the woman's identity.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 045, point 11

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