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Topic 072 · International Relations & Organisations

US-Israel War on Iran and the Hormuz Crisis

10 MCQs · tap an option to check it · All answers

Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA
  1. Core Trigger: The US and Israel began striking Iran on 28 February 2026 after Oman-mediated talks collapsed; Iran closed the Strait of Hormuz.
  2. MoU: A 14-point US-Iran memorandum of understanding was signed on 17 June 2026, opening a 60-day negotiating period.
  3. Current Head: US President Donald Trump declared the MoU 'over' on 8 July 2026 after attacks on shipping resumed.
  4. Key Term: The Strait of Hormuz links the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, between Iran and Oman.
  5. Data: As of late October 2026, Iran keeps the Strait closed until the US meets seven conditions drawn from the June MoU.
  6. Stakeholders: Oman mediated earlier; Qatar now relays messages. The JCPOA (2015) was signed by Iran and the P5+1.
  7. India Link: Closure disrupts Gulf oil and gas imports and shipping for India.
  8. Headquarters: The UN Security Council, which handles snapback sanctions, sits at UN Headquarters, New York.
  9. Founded: The United Nations was founded in 1945 when its Charter came into force.
  10. Landmark: Nicaragua v. USA (ICJ, 1986) held that self-defence requires an armed attack.
  11. Articles: UN Charter Article 2(4) bars the use of force; Article 51 preserves the right of self-defence against an armed attack.
  12. Doctrine: Snapback under UNSC Resolution 2231 lets JCPOA parties restore UN sanctions on Iran without a fresh vote.
Question 1 of 10

On which date did the US and Israel begin striking Iran?

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Answer: (C) 28 February 2026

Core Trigger: The US and Israel began striking Iran on 28 February 2026 after Oman-mediated talks collapsed; Iran closed the Strait of Hormuz.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 1

Question 2 of 10

Which of the statements is/are correct? 1. The US-Iran memorandum of understanding had 14 points. 2. It opened a 90-day negotiating period.

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Answer: (A) Only 1

MoU: A 14-point US-Iran memorandum of understanding was signed on 17 June 2026, opening a 60-day negotiating period.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 2

Question 3 of 10

On which date did Trump declare the MoU 'over'?

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Answer: (D) 8 July 2026

Current Head: US President Donald Trump declared the MoU 'over' on 8 July 2026 after attacks on shipping resumed.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 3

Question 4 of 10

The Strait of Hormuz links which two water bodies?

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Answer: (C) Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

Key Term: The Strait of Hormuz links the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman, between Iran and Oman.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 4

Question 5 of 10

How many conditions must the US meet before Iran reopens the Strait?

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Answer: (B) Seven

Data: As of late October 2026, Iran keeps the Strait closed until the US meets seven conditions drawn from the June MoU.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Which country mediated earlier, before Qatar began relaying messages?

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Answer: (D) Oman

Stakeholders: Oman mediated earlier; Qatar now relays messages. The JCPOA (2015) was signed by Iran and the P5+1.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 6

Question 7 of 10

Where does the UN Security Council sit?

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Answer: (B) New York

Headquarters: The UN Security Council, which handles snapback sanctions, sits at UN Headquarters, New York.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 8

Question 8 of 10

In which year was the United Nations founded?

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Answer: (C) 1945

Founded: The United Nations was founded in 1945 when its Charter came into force.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 9

Question 9 of 10

Nicaragua v. USA (ICJ, 1986) held that self-defence requires what?

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Answer: (C) An armed attack

Landmark: Nicaragua v. USA (ICJ, 1986) held that self-defence requires an armed attack.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Which of the statements is/are correct? 1. UN Charter Article 2(4) bars the use of force. 2. Article 51 preserves self-defence against an armed attack.

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Answer: (D) Both 1 and 2

Articles: UN Charter Article 2(4) bars the use of force; Article 51 preserves the right of self-defence against an armed attack.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 072, point 11

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