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Topic 113 · International Relations & Organisations

India-Liberia Group of Friends on Shipping and Seafarers

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Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA
  1. Core Trigger: On 25 September 2026 India and Liberia launched the Group of Friends on Safety and Security of Shipping and Seafarers at the UN in New York.
  2. Co-Leads: EAM S Jaishankar and Liberian Foreign Minister Sara Beysolow Nyanti led the launch during UNGA-81.
  3. Current Head: Arsenio Dominguez is Secretary-General of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the UN agency for shipping.
  4. Key Term: A Group of Friends is an informal coalition of UN member states that champions a shared issue.
  5. Attendance: Twenty-five countries attended; Liberia runs the world's largest ship registry by tonnage.
  6. Stakeholders: Flag states such as Liberia and seafarer-supplying states such as India are the natural partners, alongside the IMO.
  7. India Link: India is a major supplier of seafarers, and most of its trade by volume moves by sea.
  8. Headquarters: The IMO is headquartered in London, United Kingdom.
  9. Founded: The IMO Convention was adopted in 1948 and entered into force in 1958.
  10. Landmark: The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982, in force since 1994, is the constitution for the oceans.
  11. Articles: UNCLOS Article 91 gives ships the nationality of their flag state and Article 94 sets flag-state duties; India's Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 applies.
  12. Doctrine: Flag-state jurisdiction means a ship is governed by the law of the country whose flag it flies, requiring a genuine link.
Question 1 of 10

On which date was the India-Liberia Group of Friends on shipping and seafarers launched at the UN?

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Answer: (D) 25 September 2026

Core Trigger: On 25 September 2026 India and Liberia launched the Group of Friends on Safety and Security of Shipping and Seafarers at the UN in New York.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 1

Question 2 of 10

Who co-led the launch with EAM S Jaishankar during UNGA-81?

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Answer: (C) Sara Beysolow Nyanti

Co-Leads: EAM S Jaishankar and Liberian Foreign Minister Sara Beysolow Nyanti led the launch during UNGA-81.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Who is Secretary-General of the International Maritime Organization?

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Answer: (B) Arsenio Dominguez

Current Head: Arsenio Dominguez is Secretary-General of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the UN agency for shipping.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 3

Question 4 of 10

What is a 'Group of Friends' at the UN?

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Answer: (B) An informal coalition championing a shared issue

Key Term: A Group of Friends is an informal coalition of UN member states that champions a shared issue.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 4

Question 5 of 10

Consider the statements. 1. Fifty countries attended the launch. 2. Liberia runs the world's largest ship registry by tonnage. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (B) Only 2

Attendance: Twenty-five countries attended; Liberia runs the world's largest ship registry by tonnage.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Liberia is cited as an example of which kind of state in this partnership?

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Answer: (D) Flag state

Stakeholders: Flag states such as Liberia and seafarer-supplying states such as India are the natural partners, alongside the IMO.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 6

Question 7 of 10

The IMO is headquartered in which city?

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Answer: (C) London

Headquarters: The IMO is headquartered in London, United Kingdom.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 8

Question 8 of 10

In which year did the IMO Convention, adopted in 1948, enter into force?

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Answer: (B) 1958

Founded: The IMO Convention was adopted in 1948 and entered into force in 1958.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 9

Question 9 of 10

UNCLOS, called the constitution for the oceans, has been in force since which year?

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Answer: (B) 1994

Landmark: The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982, in force since 1994, is the constitution for the oceans.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Consider the statements. 1. UNCLOS Article 91 gives ships the nationality of the state owning the cargo. 2. UNCLOS Article 94 sets port-state duties. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (D) Neither

Articles: UNCLOS Article 91 gives ships the nationality of their flag state and Article 94 sets flag-state duties; India's Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 applies.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 113, point 11

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