CLAT GurukulSamudraManthan
← Topics 0/10 answered

Topic 136 · Summits, Conferences & Treaties

COP31 in Antalya: Türkiye hosts, Australia negotiates

10 MCQs · tap an option to check it · All answers

Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA
  1. Core Trigger: COP31 will run from 9 to 20 November 2026 in Antalya, Türkiye, with a Leaders' Summit on 11 and 12 November.
  2. Split Roles: Türkiye hosts, while Australia leads negotiations after withdrawing its own bid to host.
  3. Current Head: Murat Kurum is COP31 President-designate until the conference opens on 9 November 2026; Chris Bowen of Australia is President of Negotiations.
  4. Key Term: 'President of Negotiations' is a separate role created under the host deal between Türkiye and Australia.
  5. Preceding Reports: UNEP's Emissions Gap Report and the Lancet Countdown were timed just before the conference.
  6. Previous COP: COP30 was held in Belem, Brazil, in 2025.
  7. India Link: India's pre-COP position stressed common but differentiated responsibilities and adaptation finance.
  8. Venue: Antalya, Türkiye; the UNFCCC Secretariat itself is in Bonn, Germany.
  9. Founded: The UNFCCC was adopted in 1992 and entered into force on 21 March 1994.
  10. Landmark: The Paris Agreement (2015) aims to hold warming well below 2 degrees Celsius, pursuing 1.5 degrees.
  11. Articles: Article 48A directs the State to protect the environment; Article 51A(g) makes protecting nature a citizen's duty.
  12. Doctrine: CBDR-RC: common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, so developed states carry greater mitigation burdens.
Question 1 of 10

When will the COP31 Leaders' Summit be held?

Show answer

Answer: (C) 11 and 12 November 2026

Core Trigger: COP31 will run from 9 to 20 November 2026 in Antalya, Türkiye, with a Leaders' Summit on 11 and 12 November.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 1

Question 2 of 10

What did Australia do before being given the lead in COP31 negotiations?

Show answer

Answer: (B) Withdrew its own bid to host

Split Roles: Türkiye hosts, while Australia leads negotiations after withdrawing its own bid to host.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Who is President of Negotiations for COP31?

Show answer

Answer: (B) Chris Bowen

Current Head: Murat Kurum is COP31 President-designate until the conference opens on 9 November 2026; Chris Bowen of Australia is President of Negotiations.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 3

Question 4 of 10

What kind of role is 'President of Negotiations'?

Show answer

Answer: (C) A separate role created under the host deal

Key Term: 'President of Negotiations' is a separate role created under the host deal between Türkiye and Australia.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 4

Question 5 of 10

Consider: 1. The Lancet Countdown was timed after COP31. 2. UNEP's Emissions Gap Report was timed just before it. Which is correct?

Show answer

Answer: (B) Only 2

Preceding Reports: UNEP's Emissions Gap Report and the Lancet Countdown were timed just before the conference.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Where was COP30 held in 2025?

Show answer

Answer: (A) Belem, Brazil

Previous COP: COP30 was held in Belem, Brazil, in 2025.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 6

Question 7 of 10

Where is the UNFCCC Secretariat located?

Show answer

Answer: (A) Bonn, Germany

Venue: Antalya, Türkiye; the UNFCCC Secretariat itself is in Bonn, Germany.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 8

Question 8 of 10

On which date did the UNFCCC enter into force?

Show answer

Answer: (D) 21 March 1994

Founded: The UNFCCC was adopted in 1992 and entered into force on 21 March 1994.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 9

Question 9 of 10

The Paris Agreement pursues efforts to limit warming to what figure?

Show answer

Answer: (C) 1.5 degrees Celsius

Landmark: The Paris Agreement (2015) aims to hold warming well below 2 degrees Celsius, pursuing 1.5 degrees.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Consider: 1. CBDR-RC places greater mitigation burdens on developed states. 2. Article 48A makes protecting nature a citizen's duty. Which is correct?

Show answer

Answer: (A) Only 1

Doctrine: CBDR-RC: common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, so developed states carry greater mitigation burdens.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 136, point 12

Answer all ten to see your score

0 of 10 answered · 0 correct

See all answers →Next topic →

Track your weak chapters across all 380 topics — sign in to the free app.

Android appWeb app (sign-in needed)

Open this topic in the app (sign-in needed)