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Topic 248 · Environment, Climate & Biodiversity

India's Ramsar sites reach 103

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Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA

Core Trigger: India added Sukhna Lake and Sauj Jheel as Ramsar sites around 15 October; announced 16 October 2026.
Focus: The Ramsar Convention promotes conservation and wise use of wetlands through national action and international cooperation.
Announced By: Union Minister Kirti Vardhan Singh announced the tally; Bhupender Yadav heads the Environment Ministry.
Key Term: A Ramsar site is a wetland designated as of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.
Tally Data: India now has 103 Ramsar sites; earlier 2026 additions include Patna Bird Sanctuary and Chhari-Dhand.
New Sites: Sukhna Lake is in Chandigarh; Sauj Jheel is in Uttar Pradesh.
India Link: India joined the Convention in 1982; Chilika Lake and Keoladeo were its first two Ramsar sites, in 1981.
Headquarters: The Ramsar Convention Secretariat is in Gland, Switzerland.
Founded: The Convention was signed on 2 February 1971 at Ramsar, Iran, and entered into force in 1975.
Landmark: M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath (1997): the Supreme Court applied the public trust doctrine to natural resources.
Statute: The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017, under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, regulate wetlands.
Definition: Wise use means sustainable use of wetlands for human benefit while maintaining their ecological character.

Question 1 of 10

Which pair did India add as Ramsar sites around 15 October 2026?

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Answer: (A) Sukhna Lake and Sauj Jheel

Core Trigger: India added Sukhna Lake and Sauj Jheel as Ramsar sites around 15 October; announced 16 October 2026.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 1

Question 2 of 10

The Ramsar Convention promotes what?

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Answer: (C) Wetland conservation and wise use

Focus: The Ramsar Convention promotes conservation and wise use of wetlands through national action and international cooperation.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Which Union Minister announced India's Ramsar tally on 16 October 2026?

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Answer: (A) Kirti Vardhan Singh

Announced By: Union Minister Kirti Vardhan Singh announced the tally; Bhupender Yadav heads the Environment Ministry.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 3

Question 4 of 10

A Ramsar site is a wetland designated as being of what importance?

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Answer: (C) International importance

Key Term: A Ramsar site is a wetland designated as of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 4

Question 5 of 10

How many Ramsar sites does India now have?

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Answer: (D) 103

Tally Data: India now has 103 Ramsar sites; earlier 2026 additions include Patna Bird Sanctuary and Chhari-Dhand.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Which of the following is/are correct? 1. Sukhna Lake is in Chandigarh. 2. Sauj Jheel is in Haryana.

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Answer: (A) Only 1

New Sites: Sukhna Lake is in Chandigarh; Sauj Jheel is in Uttar Pradesh.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 6

Question 7 of 10

Where is the Ramsar Convention Secretariat located?

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Answer: (B) Gland, Switzerland

Headquarters: The Ramsar Convention Secretariat is in Gland, Switzerland.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 8

Question 8 of 10

The Ramsar Convention, signed in 1971 at Ramsar, Iran, entered into force in which year?

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Founded: The Convention was signed on 2 February 1971 at Ramsar, Iran, and entered into force in 1975.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 9

Question 9 of 10

In M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath (1997), the Supreme Court applied which doctrine to natural resources?

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Answer: (A) Public trust doctrine

Landmark: M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath (1997): the Supreme Court applied the public trust doctrine to natural resources.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Which of the following is/are correct? 1. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017 are made under the EP Act, 1986. 2. Wise use maintains ecological character.

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Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Statute: The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017, under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, regulate wetlands. Definition: Wise use means sustainable use of wetlands for human benefit while maintaining their ecological character.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 248, point 11, point 12

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