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Topic 275 · Geography & Places in News

Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance: Tulbul revived

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Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA

Core Trigger: After India held the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance in April 2025, it moved to revive the Tulbul project.
Project: Tulbul is a navigation barrage at the outlet of Wular Lake on the Jhelum, abandoned in 1987 after Pakistani objections.
Agency: NHPC was asked to prepare a pre-feasibility study for the project.
Key Term: Abeyance means the Treaty is held in suspension without being terminated; the Treaty has no clause allowing this.
Treaty Data: The Treaty was signed at Karachi on 19 September 1960, brokered by the World Bank.
Stakeholders: India and Pakistan are the Parties; the World Bank brokered the Treaty.
India Link: Held in abeyance since April 2025, the Treaty's suspension followed the Pahalgam attack and reshapes Indian river planning.
Venue: The Treaty was signed at Karachi; Tulbul lies on the Jhelum at the outlet of Wular Lake.
Founded: The Treaty dates from 1960, concluded after World Bank-mediated negotiations.
Landmark: In June 2025 the Court of Arbitration at the Permanent Court of Arbitration held no Party may unilaterally hold the Treaty in abeyance.
Articles: Article XII(4): the Treaty continues until terminated by a duly ratified treaty; Vienna Convention Articles 60 and 62 are cited.
Doctrine: Fundamental change of circumstances (Article 62) and material breach (Article 60) are the grounds invoked; India is not a VCLT party.

Question 1 of 10

After holding the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance in April 2025, India moved to revive which project?

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Answer: (D) Tulbul

Core Trigger: After India held the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance in April 2025, it moved to revive the Tulbul project.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 1

Question 2 of 10

Tulbul was abandoned in which year after Pakistani objections?

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Project: Tulbul is a navigation barrage at the outlet of Wular Lake on the Jhelum, abandoned in 1987 after Pakistani objections.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Which agency was asked to prepare a pre-feasibility study for Tulbul?

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Answer: (D) NHPC

Agency: NHPC was asked to prepare a pre-feasibility study for the project.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 3

Question 4 of 10

In the Treaty context, what does abeyance mean?

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Answer: (C) Suspension without termination

Key Term: Abeyance means the Treaty is held in suspension without being terminated; the Treaty has no clause allowing this.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 4

Question 5 of 10

At which city was the Indus Waters Treaty signed?

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Answer: (D) Karachi

Treaty Data: The Treaty was signed at Karachi on 19 September 1960, brokered by the World Bank.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 5

Question 6 of 10

The suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty in April 2025 followed which attack?

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Answer: (C) Pahalgam attack

India Link: Held in abeyance since April 2025, the Treaty's suspension followed the Pahalgam attack and reshapes Indian river planning.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 7

Question 7 of 10

Tulbul lies on which river, at the outlet of Wular Lake?

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Answer: (C) Jhelum

Venue: The Treaty was signed at Karachi; Tulbul lies on the Jhelum at the outlet of Wular Lake.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 8

Question 8 of 10

The Indus Waters Treaty dates from which year?

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Answer: (A) 1960

Founded: The Treaty dates from 1960, concluded after World Bank-mediated negotiations.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 9

Question 9 of 10

Which is/are correct? 1. That court is a body of the ICJ. 2. In June 2025 the Court of Arbitration held no Party may unilaterally hold the Treaty in abeyance.

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Answer: (B) Only 2

Landmark: In June 2025 the Court of Arbitration at the Permanent Court of Arbitration held no Party may unilaterally hold the Treaty in abeyance.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Which is/are correct? 1. Article XII(4): the Treaty lasts until terminated by a duly ratified treaty. 2. India is a party to the Vienna Convention on Treaties.

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Answer: (A) Only 1

Articles: Article XII(4): the Treaty continues until terminated by a duly ratified treaty; Vienna Convention Articles 60 and 62 are cited.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 275, point 11

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