SamudraManthanBetween which dates were the 2026 science Nobels announced?
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Answer: (D) 5 and 7 October 2026
Core Trigger: The 2026 science Nobels were announced between 5 and 7 October 2026.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 1
Topic 354 · Awards, Honours, Persons & Appointments
Science Nobels 2026: Physics, Chemistry, Medicine
Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA
- Core Trigger: The 2026 science Nobels were announced between 5 and 7 October 2026.
- Physics: Francis Halzen won for IceCube neutrino-observatory work on high-energy astrophysical neutrinos.
- Chemistry: Henri Kagan (French) and Kenso Soai (Japanese) won for non-linear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric synthesis.
- Medicine: Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel won for light-gated ion channels and optogenetics.
- Key Term: Optogenetics uses light to control the activity of neurons.
- Stakeholders: IceCube is a neutrino observatory located at the South Pole, buried within Antarctic ice.
- India Link: Basic-science research in India is funded through the Anusandhan National Research Foundation, created by a 2023 Act.
- Awarding Bodies: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences picks Physics and Chemistry; Karolinska Institutet's Nobel Assembly picks Medicine, both in Stockholm.
- Founded: The Nobel Prizes stem from Alfred Nobel's 1895 will and were first awarded in 1901.
- Landmark: Novartis AG v Union of India (2013) upheld Section 3(d) of the Patents Act, refusing a patent for a modified drug.
- Articles: Article 51A(h) makes it a fundamental duty to develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry.
- Doctrine: Section 3(d): a new form of a known substance is not patentable without significantly enhanced efficacy.
Francis Halzen won the 2026 Physics Nobel for work with which neutrino observatory?
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Answer: (A) IceCube
Physics: Francis Halzen won for IceCube neutrino-observatory work on high-energy astrophysical neutrinos.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 2
Which two scientists won the 2026 Chemistry Nobel?
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Answer: (C) Henri Kagan and Kenso Soai
Chemistry: Henri Kagan (French) and Kenso Soai (Japanese) won for non-linear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric synthesis.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 3
Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and which other scientist shared the 2026 Medicine Nobel?
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Answer: (B) Georg Nagel
Medicine: Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel won for light-gated ion channels and optogenetics.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 4
Optogenetics uses light to control the activity of which cells?
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Answer: (D) Neurons
Key Term: Optogenetics uses light to control the activity of neurons.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 5
Basic-science research in India is funded through which foundation, created by a 2023 Act?
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Answer: (B) Anusandhan National Research Foundation
India Link: Basic-science research in India is funded through the Anusandhan National Research Foundation, created by a 2023 Act.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 7
Which body picks the Chemistry Nobel laureates?
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Answer: (B) Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Awarding Bodies: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences picks Physics and Chemistry; Karolinska Institutet's Nobel Assembly picks Medicine, both in Stockholm.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 8
In which year were the Nobel Prizes first awarded?
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Answer: (D) 1901
Founded: The Nobel Prizes stem from Alfred Nobel's 1895 will and were first awarded in 1901.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 9
Which 2013 Supreme Court case upheld Section 3(d) of the Patents Act?
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Answer: (A) Novartis AG v Union of India
Landmark: Novartis AG v Union of India (2013) upheld Section 3(d) of the Patents Act, refusing a patent for a modified drug.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 10
1. Article 51A(h) makes developing scientific temper a fundamental duty. 2. Section 3(d) permits a patent on a new form of a known substance without enhanced efficacy. Which is/are correct?
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Answer: (A) Only 1
Articles: Article 51A(h) makes it a fundamental duty to develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 354, point 11
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