CMS COP15 on migratory species, Brazil

1. Question 1Answer D

   At which place in Brazil did CMS COP15 meet in March 2026?

   • ABrasilia
   • BBelem
   • CSao Paulo
   • DCorrect answer: Campo Grande

   Core Trigger: The 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Migratory Species met at Campo Grande, Brazil, from 23 to 29 March 2026.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 1

2. Question 2Answer D

   What was the theme of CMS COP15?

   • ASaving species across borders
   • BWings of the world
   • CNature without borders
   • DCorrect answer: Connecting Nature to sustain life

   Theme: The theme was 'Connecting Nature to sustain life'.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 2

3. Question 3Answer A

   Amy Fraenkel serves in which role?

   • ACorrect answer: Executive Secretary of the CMS Secretariat
   • BUN Environment Programme head
   • CCBD Executive Secretary
   • DCITES Secretary-General

   Current Head: Amy Fraenkel serves as Executive Secretary of the CMS Secretariat.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 3

4. Question 4Answer B

   Parties at COP15 agreed a new framework on which feature?

   • ADesert corridor
   • BCorrect answer: Marine flyway
   • CForest corridor
   • DCoral reef belt

   Key Outcome: Parties agreed a new marine flyway framework and stronger protection for seabirds, raptors and shorebirds.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 4

5. Question 5Answer C

   Consider: 1. CMS Appendix I lists migratory species threatened with extinction. 2. Appendix II lists species needing international cooperation. Which is correct?

   • AOnly 1
   • BOnly 2
   • CCorrect answer: Both 1 and 2
   • DNeither 1 nor 2

   Appendices: Appendix I lists migratory species threatened with extinction; Appendix II lists species needing international cooperation.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 5

6. Question 6Answer C

   AEWA, a CMS daughter agreement, covers which species?

   • AAlbatrosses and petrels
   • BGreat whales
   • CCorrect answer: African-Eurasian waterbirds
   • DMigratory elephants

   Daughter Agreements: CMS has spawned regional agreements such as AEWA on African-Eurasian waterbirds and ACAP on albatrosses and petrels.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 6

7. Question 7Answer B

   Where is the CMS Secretariat located?

   • ANairobi, Kenya
   • BCorrect answer: Bonn, Germany
   • CGeneva, Switzerland
   • DMontreal, Canada

   Headquarters: The CMS Secretariat is in Bonn, Germany, under the UN Environment Programme.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 8

8. Question 8Answer C

   In which year was the CMS (Bonn Convention) adopted?

   • A1971
   • B1983
   • CCorrect answer: 1979
   • D1992

   Founded: The Convention was adopted at Bonn in 1979, hence its name Bonn Convention, and entered into force in 1983.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 9

9. Question 9Answer B

   M.K. Ranjitsinh v. Union of India (2024) concerned which species?

   • ASiberian Crane
   • BCorrect answer: Great Indian Bustard
   • CSnow Leopard
   • DGharial

   Landmark: M.K. Ranjitsinh v. Union of India (2024) read a right against climate harm into Articles 14 and 21, in a Great Indian Bustard case.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 10

10. Question 10Answer A

    Consider: 1. A Range State is any country where a migratory species spends part of its life. 2. Article 51A(g) is a duty of the State. Which is correct?

    • ACorrect answer: Only 1
    • BOnly 2
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither 1 nor 2

    Doctrine: A Range State is any country where a migratory species spends any part of its life cycle.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 129, point 12

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