Heatwaves as disasters and food security

1. Question 1Answer D

   Along with heatwaves, which hazard did the 16th Finance Commission recommend adding to notified disasters for 2026-31?

   • AUrban flooding
   • BLandslides
   • CCoastal erosion
   • DCorrect answer: Lightning

   Core Trigger: The 16th Finance Commission report, tabled 1 February 2026, recommended adding heatwaves and lightning to notified disasters for 2026–31.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 1

2. Question 2Answer A

   On which date did the Centre tell the Lok Sabha that heatwaves are now notified calamities?

   • ACorrect answer: 4 August 2026
   • B1 February 2026
   • C22 April 2026
   • D9 April 2026

   Later Step: On 4 August 2026 MHA told the Lok Sabha they are now notified calamities.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 2

3. Question 3Answer B

   Who chaired the 16th Finance Commission?

   • AN.K. Singh
   • BCorrect answer: Arvind Panagariya
   • CVijay Kelkar
   • DY.V. Reddy

   Current Head: Arvind Panagariya chaired the 16th Finance Commission; Nityanand Rai is Minister of State for Home Affairs.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 3

4. Question 4Answer C

   The proposed Rs 2,04,401 crore for SDRF and SDMF over 2026-31 is split in what ratio?

   • A90:10
   • B75:25
   • CCorrect answer: 80:20
   • D60:40

   Corpus: It proposed Rs 2,04,401 crore for SDRF and SDMF over 2026–31, split 80:20.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 4

5. Question 5Answer D

   NCRB and MHA data record how many heat deaths in 2018-22?

   • A1,250
   • B6,420
   • C8,915
   • DCorrect answer: 3,798

   Data / Report: NCRB and MHA data record 3,798 heat deaths in 2018–22; 11 States had already declared heatwaves State-specific disasters.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 5

6. Question 6Answer D

   Consider: 1) IMD requires 35 C in plains for a heatwave. 2) IMD requires 25 C in hills. Which is/are correct?

   • AOnly 1
   • BOnly 2
   • CBoth 1 and 2
   • DCorrect answer: Neither

   India Link: IMD needs 40 °C in plains (30 °C in hills) and a 4.5–6.4 °C departure for a heatwave.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 7

7. Question 7Answer B

   Which Union Ministry is nodal for heatwaves as a notified calamity?

   • AMinistry of Earth Sciences
   • BCorrect answer: Ministry of Home Affairs
   • CMinistry of Agriculture
   • DMinistry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

   Nodal Body: The Ministry of Home Affairs is nodal; drought, hailstorm, pest attack and cold wave fall to Agriculture.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 8

8. Question 8Answer C

   The Disaster Management (Amendment) Act, 2025 took effect on which date?

   • A1 February 2026
   • B23 December 2005
   • CCorrect answer: 9 April 2025
   • D1 April 2025

   Founded: The Disaster Management (Amendment) Act, 2025 took effect on 9 April 2025.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 9

9. Question 9Answer D

   Besides a statutory NCMC, which new bodies did the 2025 Amendment Act add?

   • AState Relief Commissions
   • BCoastal Disaster Boards
   • CDistrict Heat Councils
   • DCorrect answer: Urban Disaster Management Authorities

   Landmark: It empowers NDMA and SDMAs to prepare plans, and adds a statutory NCMC and Urban Disaster Management Authorities.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 10

10. Question 10Answer A

    Consider: 1) Section 2(d) of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 defines a disaster as a grave occurrence beyond the affected community's coping capacity. 2) SDRF arises under s.46 and NDRF under s.48(1)(a). Which is/are correct?

    • ACorrect answer: Only 1
    • BOnly 2
    • CBoth 1 and 2
    • DNeither

    Articles: Articles 280 and 281 govern the Finance Commission; SDRF arises under s.48(1)(a), NDRF under s.46.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 229, point 11

Open these answers in the app (sign-in needed)