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Topic 117 · International Relations & Organisations

Ganga Waters Treaty 1996 due for renewal

10 MCQs · tap an option to check it · All answers

Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA

Core Trigger: The 30-year India-Bangladesh Ganga Waters Treaty expires in December 2026, most sources say 12 December; Bangladesh seeks renewal.
Focus: Bangladesh wants a long-term deal with a guarantee clause; India says talks run through the Joint Rivers Commission.
Signatories: Prime Ministers H D Deve Gowda and Sheikh Hasina signed the treaty on 12 December 1996.
Key Feature: Dry-season flows at Farakka are shared from 1 January to 31 May, assessed in 10-day periods.
Data: Unlike the 1977 agreement, the 1996 treaty has no general 80 per cent minimum-guarantee clause.
Stakeholders: Bihar seeks safeguards on flooding and siltation, and a JD(U) MP urged letting the treaty lapse.
India Link: Farakka diverts Ganga water into the Hooghly to keep Kolkata's port navigable, linking the treaty to eastern India's economy.
Location: Farakka Barrage stands on the Ganga in Murshidabad district, West Bengal.
Founded: The barrage began operating in 1975; the 1996 treaty replaced earlier short-term sharing arrangements.
Landmark: The UN Watercourses Convention (1997) obliges states to use shared rivers in an equitable and reasonable manner.
Articles: Article XII of the treaty allows renewal by mutual consent; Article 253 of the Constitution lets Parliament implement treaties.
Doctrine: Equitable and reasonable utilisation: riparian states must share an international watercourse fairly, considering each state's needs.

Question 1 of 10

In which month of 2026 does the 30-year India-Bangladesh Ganga Waters Treaty expire?

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Answer: (A) December

Core Trigger: The 30-year India-Bangladesh Ganga Waters Treaty expires in December 2026, most sources say 12 December; Bangladesh seeks renewal.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 1

Question 2 of 10

India says talks on the Ganga treaty run through which body?

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Answer: (C) Joint Rivers Commission

Focus: Bangladesh wants a long-term deal with a guarantee clause; India says talks run through the Joint Rivers Commission.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Which Indian Prime Minister signed the Ganga Waters Treaty with Sheikh Hasina?

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Answer: (B) H D Deve Gowda

Signatories: Prime Ministers H D Deve Gowda and Sheikh Hasina signed the treaty on 12 December 1996.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 3

Question 4 of 10

Dry-season flows at Farakka are shared during which period?

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Answer: (D) 1 January to 31 May

Key Feature: Dry-season flows at Farakka are shared from 1 January to 31 May, assessed in 10-day periods.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 4

Question 5 of 10

Which earlier agreement had a general 80 per cent minimum-guarantee clause?

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Answer: (B) The 1977 agreement

Data: Unlike the 1977 agreement, the 1996 treaty has no general 80 per cent minimum-guarantee clause.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Consider the statements. 1. A BJP MP urged letting the treaty lapse. 2. Bihar seeks safeguards on flooding and siltation. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (B) Only 2

Stakeholders: Bihar seeks safeguards on flooding and siltation, and a JD(U) MP urged letting the treaty lapse.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 6

Question 7 of 10

In which district does the Farakka Barrage stand?

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Answer: (A) Murshidabad

Location: Farakka Barrage stands on the Ganga in Murshidabad district, West Bengal.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 8

Question 8 of 10

In which year did the Farakka Barrage begin operating?

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Founded: The barrage began operating in 1975; the 1996 treaty replaced earlier short-term sharing arrangements.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 9

Question 9 of 10

The UN Watercourses Convention (1997) obliges states to use shared rivers how?

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Answer: (C) Equitably and reasonably

Landmark: The UN Watercourses Convention (1997) obliges states to use shared rivers in an equitable and reasonable manner.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Consider the statements. 1. Article XII of the treaty allows renewal by mutual consent. 2. Article 253 lets Parliament legislate to implement treaties. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Articles: Article XII of the treaty allows renewal by mutual consent; Article 253 of the Constitution lets Parliament implement treaties.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 117, point 11

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