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Topic 118 · International Relations & Organisations

US sanctions the International Criminal Court

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Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA

Core Trigger: On 9 October 2026 the US Treasury's OFAC added the International Criminal Court to its SDN list under Executive Order 14203.
Scope: It is the first time the whole institution, not just officials, is listed; four related general licences were issued.
Current Head: Judge Tomoko Akane of Japan is President of the ICC, elected in March 2024.
Key Term: SDN means Specially Designated Nationals list; listed entities' assets are blocked and dealings with them barred.
Earlier Steps: Earlier US designations had hit individual ICC judges and prosecutors.
Stakeholders: The US cited ICC jurisdiction over US nationals; the Court called the move an attack on the rule of law.
India Link: India is not a party to the Rome Statute, nor are the US, China and Russia.
Headquarters: The ICC sits in The Hague, Netherlands.
Founded: The Rome Statute was adopted on 17 July 1998 and entered into force on 1 July 2002.
Landmark: In Prosecutor v Lubanga (14 March 2012) the ICC delivered its first conviction, for child-soldier recruitment.
Articles: Article 5 of the Rome Statute covers genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression.
Doctrine: Complementarity: the ICC acts only when national courts are unwilling or unable to genuinely investigate; the ICJ, a UN organ, decides disputes between states.

Question 1 of 10

Under which Executive Order did OFAC add the ICC to its SDN list on 9 October 2026?

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Answer: (D) Executive Order 14203

Core Trigger: On 9 October 2026 the US Treasury's OFAC added the International Criminal Court to its SDN list under Executive Order 14203.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 1

Question 2 of 10

What made the 9 October 2026 listing of the ICC unprecedented?

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Answer: (A) The whole institution was listed

Scope: It is the first time the whole institution, not just officials, is listed; four related general licences were issued.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Who is President of the ICC, elected in March 2024?

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Answer: (A) Tomoko Akane

Current Head: Judge Tomoko Akane of Japan is President of the ICC, elected in March 2024.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 3

Question 4 of 10

In OFAC practice, what does SDN stand for?

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Answer: (A) Specially Designated Nationals

Key Term: SDN means Specially Designated Nationals list; listed entities' assets are blocked and dealings with them barred.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 4

Question 5 of 10

Before the whole Court was listed, earlier US designations had hit whom?

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Answer: (B) Individual ICC judges and prosecutors

Earlier Steps: Earlier US designations had hit individual ICC judges and prosecutors.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Consider the statements. 1. India is not a party to the Rome Statute. 2. The US, China and Russia are not parties either. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

India Link: India is not a party to the Rome Statute, nor are the US, China and Russia.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 7

Question 7 of 10

The ICC sits in which city?

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Answer: (D) The Hague

Headquarters: The ICC sits in The Hague, Netherlands.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 8

Question 8 of 10

On which date did the Rome Statute enter into force?

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Answer: (A) 1 July 2002

Founded: The Rome Statute was adopted on 17 July 1998 and entered into force on 1 July 2002.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 9

Question 9 of 10

In Prosecutor v Lubanga (14 March 2012), the ICC's first conviction was for what?

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Answer: (D) Child-soldier recruitment

Landmark: In Prosecutor v Lubanga (14 March 2012) the ICC delivered its first conviction, for child-soldier recruitment.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Consider the statements. 1. Complementarity means the ICC acts only when national courts are unwilling or unable to genuinely investigate. 2. The ICJ tries individuals for war crimes. Which is/are correct?

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Answer: (A) Only 1

Doctrine: Complementarity: the ICC acts only when national courts are unwilling or unable to genuinely investigate; the ICJ, a UN organ, decides disputes between states.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 118, point 12

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