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Topic 236 · Environment, Climate & Biodiversity

Hasdeo Arand coal mining: forest and environmental clearances

10 MCQs · tap an option to check it · All answers

Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA

Core Trigger: On 9 June 2026 the Centre gave Stage-I forest clearance to divert 1,742.6 ha of Hasdeo-Arand for Kente Extension coal; environmental clearance followed on 24 June.
Project: Rajasthan's state generator RVUNL will mine 9 million tonnes a year; Phase-I covers 1,001.95 ha for 15 years.
Current Head: The Forest Advisory Committee, chaired by the Director General of Forests, approved it on 8 May 2026.
Tree Felling: 97,837 trees fall in five years and 59,712 in years six to ten; 67,414 smaller ones are translocated.
Data / Report: The Central Electricity Authority cut Rajasthan's 2035–36 power need from 20,532 MW to 16,561 MW.
Stakeholders: Chhattisgarh Bachao Andolan opposes the mine; a 2021 WII–ICFRE study advised against new mining.
India Link: On 29 July 2026 the Supreme Court (Vanashakti) allowed post-facto environmental clearance only through statutory notification under section 3 of the EP Act.
Venue: The mine lies in Surguja district, Chhattisgarh.
Founded: The 1980 Forest (Conservation) Act became the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, in force 1 December 2023.
Landmark: T.N. Godavarman (December 1996) held 'forest' includes land recorded as forest and land matching its dictionary meaning.
Statute: The 1980 Act requires prior Central approval to divert forest land; EIA Notification, 2006 mandates prior clearance.
Definition: Stage-I is conditional in-principle approval, Stage-II the final; compensatory afforestation offsets diverted forest.

Question 1 of 10

On 9 June 2026 the Centre gave Stage-I forest clearance to divert 1,742.6 ha of Hasdeo-Arand for which coal project?

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Answer: (B) Kente Extension

Core Trigger: On 9 June 2026 the Centre gave Stage-I forest clearance to divert 1,742.6 ha of Hasdeo-Arand for Kente Extension coal; environmental clearance followed on 24 June.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 1

Question 2 of 10

Which Rajasthan state generator will mine 9 million tonnes a year at the project?

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Answer: (D) RVUNL

Project: Rajasthan's state generator RVUNL will mine 9 million tonnes a year; Phase-I covers 1,001.95 ha for 15 years.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Which committee, chaired by the Director General of Forests, approved the diversion on 8 May 2026?

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Answer: (D) Forest Advisory Committee

Current Head: The Forest Advisory Committee, chaired by the Director General of Forests, approved it on 8 May 2026.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 3

Question 4 of 10

Under the felling plan for the project, how many trees fall in years six to ten?

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Answer: (B) 59,712

Tree Felling: 97,837 trees fall in five years and 59,712 in years six to ten; 67,414 smaller ones are translocated.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 4

Question 5 of 10

The Central Electricity Authority cut Rajasthan's 2035-36 power need from 20,532 MW to what?

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Answer: (D) 16,561 MW

Data / Report: The Central Electricity Authority cut Rajasthan's 2035–36 power need from 20,532 MW to 16,561 MW.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Which of the following is/are correct? 1. Chhattisgarh Bachao Andolan opposes the mine. 2. A 2021 WII-ICFRE study advised in favour of new mining.

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Answer: (A) Only 1

Stakeholders: Chhattisgarh Bachao Andolan opposes the mine; a 2021 WII–ICFRE study advised against new mining.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 6

Question 7 of 10

In which Chhattisgarh district does the mine lie?

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Answer: (B) Surguja

Venue: The mine lies in Surguja district, Chhattisgarh.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 8

Question 8 of 10

The 1980 Forest (Conservation) Act became the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, in force from which date?

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Answer: (B) 1 December 2023

Founded: The 1980 Forest (Conservation) Act became the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, in force 1 December 2023.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 9

Question 9 of 10

In T.N. Godavarman, 'forest' was held to include land recorded as forest and land matching what?

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Answer: (D) Its dictionary meaning

Landmark: T.N. Godavarman (December 1996) held 'forest' includes land recorded as forest and land matching its dictionary meaning.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Which of the following is/are correct? 1. Stage-II is the final forest clearance. 2. Compensatory afforestation offsets diverted forest.

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Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

Definition: Stage-I is conditional in-principle approval, Stage-II the final; compensatory afforestation offsets diverted forest.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 236, point 12

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