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Topic 289 · Geography & Places in News

Ceuta and Melilla: EU's land border with Africa

10 MCQs · tap an option to check it · All answers

Revise the 12 points first Book 1 RATNA

Core Trigger: At the end of July 2026 over 50,000 migrants entered Ceuta within days; later reports exceeded 70,000.
Aftermath: By 3 August 2026 Spain had executed over 48,000 returns within 48 hours.
Current Head: Pedro Sanchez is Spain's Prime Minister; Magnus Brunner is the EU Migration Commissioner.
Key Places: Ceuta covers 18.5 sq km with 84,222 people; Melilla covers 12.3 sq km with 87,067.
Casualty Data: More than 100 people died, per local officials and civil-society groups.
Stakeholders: Morocco denied involvement; Spanish military intelligence judged it 'highly likely' Morocco was passive and negligent.
EU Impact: Italy and Spain extended internal border controls in September 2026, citing the Ceuta surge.
Location: Ceuta lies beside the Strait of Gibraltar; Melilla lies near Cape Three Forks; both border Morocco.
Founded: Spain has held Melilla since 1497 and Ceuta since 1580; both got Statutes of Autonomy on 14 March 1995.
Landmark: Article 33 of the 1951 Refugee Convention bars returning refugees to threatened territory.
Statute: Article 19(1) of the EU Charter prohibits collective expulsions; Schengen Borders Code Article 25 permits temporary internal controls.
Definition: An exclave is part of a country separated from its main territory and surrounded by another state.

Question 1 of 10

At the end of July 2026 over 50,000 migrants entered which Spanish enclave within days?

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Answer: (D) Ceuta

Core Trigger: At the end of July 2026 over 50,000 migrants entered Ceuta within days; later reports exceeded 70,000.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 1

Question 2 of 10

By 3 August 2026 Spain had executed over 48,000 returns within how many hours?

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Answer: (C) 48 hours

Aftermath: By 3 August 2026 Spain had executed over 48,000 returns within 48 hours.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 2

Question 3 of 10

Who is the EU Migration Commissioner?

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Answer: (A) Magnus Brunner

Current Head: Pedro Sanchez is Spain's Prime Minister; Magnus Brunner is the EU Migration Commissioner.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 3

Question 4 of 10

Which Spanish enclave covers 12.3 sq km with 87,067 people?

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Answer: (C) Melilla

Key Places: Ceuta covers 18.5 sq km with 84,222 people; Melilla covers 12.3 sq km with 87,067.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 4

Question 5 of 10

At least how many people died, per local officials and civil-society groups?

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Answer: (B) More than 100

Casualty Data: More than 100 people died, per local officials and civil-society groups.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 5

Question 6 of 10

Which is/are correct? 1. Spanish military intelligence judged it highly likely Morocco actively directed the surge. 2. Morocco denied involvement in the Ceuta surge.

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Answer: (B) Only 2

Stakeholders: Morocco denied involvement; Spanish military intelligence judged it 'highly likely' Morocco was passive and negligent.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 6

Question 7 of 10

Melilla lies near which cape?

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Answer: (D) Cape Three Forks

Location: Ceuta lies beside the Strait of Gibraltar; Melilla lies near Cape Three Forks; both border Morocco.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 8

Question 8 of 10

Spain has held Melilla since which year?

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Answer: (D) 1497

Founded: Spain has held Melilla since 1497 and Ceuta since 1580; both got Statutes of Autonomy on 14 March 1995.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 9

Question 9 of 10

Article 33 of the 1951 Refugee Convention bars what?

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Answer: (C) Returning refugees to threatened territory

Landmark: Article 33 of the 1951 Refugee Convention bars returning refugees to threatened territory.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 10

Question 10 of 10

Which is/are correct? 1. An exclave remains physically attached to its country's main territory. 2. Article 19(1) of the EU Charter prohibits collective expulsions.

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Answer: (B) Only 2

Statute: Article 19(1) of the EU Charter prohibits collective expulsions; Schengen Borders Code Article 25 permits temporary internal controls.From Book 1 RATNA, topic 289, point 11

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